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What are Keloid Scars: Understanding the Causes and Treatment Options

We are accustomed to the natural healing process of our skin following a minor burn or injury. Initially, a thin, even crust forms over the affected skin area, eventually shedding to expose a pinkish layer underneath, which constitutes the scar. However, on certain occasions, and for reasons not entirely understood, the skin may exhibit an exaggerated response to the injury, resulting in an excess growth of scar tissue that tends to persist. These exaggerated growths are known as keloid scars.

At Goutus London, Mr Ioannis Goutos – a highly-skilled plastic surgeon – has dealt with many keloid scars. One of the questions that many patients ask is; “What are keloid scars?”

Not only is this a question we know how to answer, but also a condition we can maintain using a vast range of methods, from keloid surgery to a steroid injection.

Get in touch to find out what we can do to help with your keloids.

What are keloid scars?

Keloid scars share similarities with regular scars in their shiny, firm, and smooth appearance. They are a type of raised scar that forms as a result of an overgrowth of scar tissue. They can be distinguished from hypertrophic scars by their tendency to extend beyond the boundaries of the original wound site and their potential to grow larger over time. Keloids can develop anywhere on the body but are commonly found on the earlobes, chest, shoulders, and back.

Keloid scars are a common concern for many individuals, often causing discomfort and self-consciousness. These raised scars can develop due to various factors.

What causes keloid scars?

Keloid scars are a common concern for many individuals, often causing discomfort and self-consciousness. These raised scars can develop due to various factors.

What causes keloid scars?

Whenever an area of the skin is subjected to damage through injury, surgery or inflammation, a scar usually follows. While the scar is being formed, sometimes too much collagen is produced within the scar. Consequently, this results in what is known as a hypertrophic scar – a raised scar which is itchy and looks a little red (or dark). In extreme cases, these hypertrophic scars become keloid scars. The main difference between hypertrophic scars and keloids is that the latter spreads to the surrounding areas of the injured skin and does not regress.

The exact cause of keloid formation is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and wound-related factors. Keloids occur when the body’s normal wound-healing process goes awry, leading to an overproduction of collagen and the formation of excessive scar tissue.

Factors contributing to the development of keloid scars

Several factors can increase the risk of developing keloids, including:

Genetic predisposition: Individuals with a family history of keloids are more likely to develop them themselves, suggesting a genetic component to their formation.
Skin injuries: Any type of cutaneous injury, such as acne scars, body piercings, or surgical incisions, can trigger keloid formation.
Skin tension: Wounds that are under tension during the healing process are more likely to develop keloids, particularly on areas of the body with tighter skin, such as the anterior chest.
Chronic inflammation: Persistent inflammation in the skin can contribute to keloid development, as it disrupts the normal wound healing process.
Darker skin tones: People with darker skin are more susceptible to the formation of a keloid scar, possibly due to differences in collagen synthesis and blood flow.

Treatment Options for Keloid Scars

It is important to note that keloid scars cannot be completely eliminated once they appear, however, there are several options available to help manage their appearance and symptoms. To work out the best course of action, a skin biopsy could provide valuable information regarding any skin injury or surrounding skin that might be impacted.

Some of the favoured options when treating keloid scars are a steroid injection, a silicone gel pad, surgical excision, or laser therapy. Which treatment method is likely to get you closer to healthy skin is for you and your surgeon to agree on.

The keloid treatment you opt for is likely to help reduce inflammation and flatten keloid scars over time. If the keloids treated require the surgical removal of keloid tissue, there is a risk of recurrence. There is also laser treatment, radiation therapy, and compression therapy available if you want to improve the appearance of your skin.

Ultimately, many surgical techniques and types of therapy can be used to manage both small keloids and hypertrophic scars.

Preventing keloids

While it may not be possible to prevent keloids entirely, there are steps individuals can take to reduce their risk of developing them.

Avoid unnecessary skin trauma, such as body piercings, or elective surgeries. Also, make sure to treat any skin injuries promptly and follow proper wound care techniques to promote healthy healing. Finally, seek early treatment for any raised scars or abnormal healing responses to minimise the risk of keloid formation.

Keloid scars can be a source of frustration and discomfort for many individuals, but understanding their causes and treatment options can help alleviate some of these concerns. Sometimes you can do everything right, and spontaneous keloids may still appear on the skin surface from no fault of your own.

By addressing keloids early and exploring appropriate treatment modalities, individuals can effectively manage their appearance and improve their quality of life. If you have concerns about keloid scars, consult with a dermatologist or plastic surgeon to discuss the best course of action for your specific situation.

At Goutos London, we have plenty more tips and advice to help with keloid scars and would love to see you at one of our free skin consultations. Get in touch to book yours today.

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Louise Steel

2023-08-16

Mr Goutos performed keloidectomy surgery on both my earlobes, and I am so grateful to have been referred to him. From the first consultation, through surgery, and now my 3-month follow-up, I have nothing but good words to say.

Luke Ward

2023-07-10

This man is an extremely intelligent, professional gentleman. He will set realistic expectations from the beginning and will not ‘beat around the bush’ so-to speak. From the initial consultation to post-surgery, it has been a rollercoaster ride. However the high level of expertise & professionalism Mr Goutos maintained has been impeccable. All I can say to any other individual considering treatment with Mr Goutos, is that you are in incredibly safe hands. And on top of this, he has a great sense of humour. I wish nothing but the best for this man, and the best results for his future patients.

Mauricio Lucas

2023-07-06

Outstanding Doctor - Exceptional Expertise I recently had the pleasure of consulting and also going through surgery. Dr. Goutos removed a large class of keloids from my back and chest, and without a doubt, I can confidently say that he is the best doctor I have ever had the privilege of seeing. From the moment I entered his practice, I was immediately struck by his professionalism, knowledge, and exceptional bedside manner. Dr. Goutos possesses an extraordinary level of expertise in his field, and his technical skills are truly remarkable. His ability to diagnose and treat medical conditions is unparalleled, and I have personally witnessed his remarkable success in improving the health and well-being of countless patients. What sets Dr. Goutos apart is his genuine care and concern for his patients. He takes the time to listen attentively, ensuring that he understands every aspect of the medical issue at hand. He communicates clearly and effectively, explaining complex medical concepts in a way that is easy to comprehend, which greatly helps in alleviating any concerns or fears. One aspect that impressed me greatly was Dr. Goutos' commitment to staying updated with the latest advancements in his field. He incorporates cutting-edge techniques and treatments into his practice, ensuring that his patients receive the highest standard of care available. This dedication to continuous learning and improvement is a testament to his unwavering dedication to his profession. Additionally, the support staff at Dr.Goutos' practice deserves recognition for their exceptional service. They are friendly, compassionate, and highly efficient, ensuring that appointments run smoothly and patients feel comfortable throughout the entire process. Overall, I cannot emphasize enough how fortunate I feel to have found Dr.Goutos' exceptional skills, genuine care, and unwavering commitment to his patients make him a truly outstanding specialist. I wholeheartedly recommend him to anyone seeking top-notch medical care.

Kashmala Khan

2023-01-26

Mr. Goutos and his team did an amazing job reversing a scar I had on my forehead. This was a very old scar and had bothered for many years. The laser treatment and fat transfer procedure has changed my life and given me so much confidence. I would definitely recommend him, he is a fantastic and very skilled surgeon. Thank you so much!

Javier

2023-01-14

Mr Goutos and his team removed some lipomas from my arms. The initial consultation right through to the aftercare was professional, sensitive and genuine. Mr Goutos put me at ease right from the start, discussing my history and background and then discussing the various options for the incisions and sutures. The incisions were quick, efficient and professional. I felt completely at ease knowing I was in expert hands. The incisions were extremely neat and have closed and scared really well. I had a number of questions after the operation and one of the sutures became infected. Mr Goutos was quick to make an appointment for me, see me and deal with the infection and offered for me to see him again if the infection didn’t calm down. He was genuinely empathetic to my needs and took time to check each scare, explain things and assure me along the way. He didn’t at any point, make me feel I was asking silly questions or too many. I highly recommend Mr Goutos for his exceptional incisions and suturing as well as his professional conduct, caring approach and after care. The whole experience was smooth and easy and I am very grateful for what he has done for me.

Ieva Lihovida-Yarlett

2022-12-07

We came to see Dr Goutos a few month ago to remove invasive spider nevus on my 9 year old sons nose . After a lovely consultation with Dr Goutos , he suggested to do several laser treatment sessions. After a few sessions we already noticed a massive improvement. On the final laser treatment session the spider nevus was completely gone. Thank you to the Dr Goutos for tackling the problem so rapidly and with great results!

Amy Munson

2022-10-27

We took our 4yr old daughter to Mr Goutos following an accident which resulted in a small burn scar on her cheek. Mr Goutos gave us various options and we went for laser treatment. After 4 appointments the scar has gone! The care that Mr Goutos gave us was exceptional and so good with children. He made us feel very comfortable and confident in his ability. I would recommend him to anyone if they were looking for a doctor in that particular field. Can't thank him enough.